You can learn how to mine bitcoin remotely using managed solution or how to mine at home using open source miners.

• Remote mining

• Home mining

On this website you can learn how to:

• Create a bitcoin wallet [in progress]

• Setup a bitcoin node

• Secure your bitcoins [in progress]

For in-person workshops checkout .

Setup

From a computer on the same network, access your node at http://umbrel.local.

Follow the setup steps. Leave all settings at default and choose a strong password.

Remote access

For now, the node is only accessible on your home network. To enable remote access from anywhere, we'll use Tor. In Umbrel OS, go to Settings and turn on Remote Tor access.

A .onion address is generated and you can now access your node from anywhere through Tor.

We will cover two methods of setting up your own bitcoin node:

Choose a connection method

Open Electrs, you'll notice 2 methods of connecting: Local Network and Tor.

Local Network

If you connect via local network, your wallet won’t be able to reach your node when you leave home. In addition SSL is disabled by default which means your data transits in clear on your local network.

Tor

Tor is excellent for security and privacy. Additionally, by having our Electrum server behind an onion hidden service, we benefit from:

• End-to-end encryption

• Client and server anonymization

Connect your wallet to your node

The setup is simple: just add your Electrum server's address and port to your wallet's node settings.

If you're connecting through Tor, you'll likely need to configure your wallet to use Tor's proxy (127.0.0.1:9050) and ensure Tor is running (unless your wallet comes bundled with it).

This is the hardware I use in this tutorial.

• Raspberry Pi 4 or 5, with 8GB of RAM

• 2TB external SSD with USB connectivity

• 32GB micro SD card

• micro SD adapter

• RJ 45 cable

You'll find that on Amazon or anywhere else.

Eventually you can also buy a protective case for the pi.

Go to the Umbrel app store and download the Bitoin Node application. This app is pretty much a wrapper of Bitcoin Core with a very nice GUI (sources here).

Launch it and go through the setup by simply leaving all settings at default. Your node will now connect to remote peers to download and verify the entire blockchain.

• Bitaxe miners

Installation

Go to the Umbrel app store and install the Lightning node application. This app is a GUI for the Lightning Network Daemon (LND), the most common Bitcoin Lightning implementation. Launch the application and leave all settings at default.

Node's wallet

You will get prompted to link a wallet to the node. You can use an existing wallet or create a new one.

The Lightning Node needs a Bitcoin wallet to manage funds and open channels.

Make sure you got everything from the Hardware list. Then assemble it as follow:

1. Insert the microSD card into the Raspberry Pi.

2. Connect the SSD to the Raspberry Pi via a USB 3.0 port.

3. Use an RJ45 cable to connect the Raspberry Pi to your modem/router.

4. Plug in the Raspberry Pi’s power supply.

If Rust and Cargo binaries aren't in your path, run:

. "$HOME/.cargo/env"

Update Rust and Cargo:

rustup update

Update rustup:

rustup self update

Check the new versions:

rustc --version

Now, update all packages installed with Cargo by running:

If you encounter an error because cargo-update is not installed, install it using:

You can now connect to your Pi via SSH using the private key you created previously:

ssh -i your_private_key [email protected]

or

ssh -i your_private_key username@IP

Startup

Configure bitcoind to automatically start at boot:

Start bitcoind:

Initial Synchronization

Your node will now connect to other peers to download and verify the entire blockchain, block by block, starting from .

Monitoring

Logs

To view the Bitcoin Core logs:

You can monitor progress live by checking for height= or progress=.

bitcoin-cli

bitcoin-cli is part of Bitcoin Core and serves as a command-line interface for the JSON-RPC API.

Node Status

You can use it to monitor the status of your node and the synchronization progress:

Network Info

You can use it to check your integration with the P2P network:

If you're using Tor, note in the output how Bitcoin used the Tor control port to create an onion service for P2P on port 8333.

Blockchain Data

Get the current block height:

Get some blockchain statstics:

Post Synchronization

Once fully synchronized, edit Bitcoin's config file located at ~/.bitcoin/bitcoin.conf, and lower the value of dbcache to 500. Then, restart Bitcoin:

Fetch the latest changes:

Show the latest version tags:

Switch to the latest stable version:

Stop BTC RPC Explorer:

Update the dependencies:

Install the updates:

Once it's done, you can start BTC RPC Explorer again:

Update Node.js to the latest version:

Update npm to the latest version globally:

Update all globally installed npm packages:

For us to receive payments, other nodes must open channels to our node & lock BTC.

This is inbound liquidity, where locked funds are on the other side of the channel.

Unless you know other node operators who are willing to open a channel to your node, we’ll use a service called . With LNBig, you can have inbound channels opened to your node in exchange for a small fee.

To purchase am inbound channel, go to and follow the steps below:

For this tutorial, we use the original Jade wallet, which can be purchased from Blockstream's shop:

The Jade comes with a battery. To charge it, you can use the provided USB to USB-C cable.

Alternatively, for more security, you can purchase a or use a to avoid connecting to a PC.

To connect your wallet to your node, simply add your Electrum server's address and port in the wallet's network settings.

You will find your Electrum server's address here:

The port is 50001 unless you specified otherwise.

• Funds can be recovered using the wallet seed phrase.

• Lightning wallets can be recovered with their BlueWallet connection string.

• Funds in channels can be recovered using Static Channel Backups (SCBs)

  • /umbrel/lnd/data/chain/bitcoin/mainnet/channel.backup

An Electrum server is an indexing layer built on top of Bitcoin Core. It enables more efficient blockchain queries and easier wallet connections. Most wallets support Electrum connections.

Download Electrs on the Umbrel app store. It's a Rust implementation of Electrum server (sources). Then launch it, leave all settings at default and let it synchronize with the blockchain.

Bitcoin wallets:

• Jade Hardware Wallet

Plug the portable SSD into a USB 3.0 port on the Pi, then connect the Pi to power. Wait approximately 10 minutes for the installation process and the first boot to complete.

If you had to factory reset your Jade or lost it and had to buy a new one, you can easily restore your wallet as long as you have your seed phrase.

Select Setup Jade > Continue > Begin Setup > Restore Wallet > 12 Words and enter each of your seed works in the correct order.

Then you'll be prompted to pair the Jade with green wallet and setup a new PIN the same way than during the wallet creation step.

Do this frequently:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

To receive Bitcoin, simply hit Receive at the bottom right of Green wallet:

Share the QR code or Bitcoin address to the sender. Once the funds are sent, the incoming transaction should show up pretty quickly in Green wallet.

When you're done you should always lock your Jade.

Simply select Session > Logout:

Now you can power off the Jade by pressing and holding the power button.

Update the system

Disable SSH Password Login

In the SSH configuration, make sure password login is disabled (PasswordAuthentication no)

Setup a firewall

We need to setup a firewall to restrict inbound traffic for our node.

First we install it:

By default ufw denies all incoming traffic so we must allow inbound SSH traffic before we enable it:

Now we can enable the firewall:

We can check the status with those commands:

Install Tor

Install Tor:

Add your user:

You must log out and log back in for the changes to take effect.

Finally we can enable Tor at boot and start it:

Install Bitcoin Core dependencies

The following packages will be needed to install Bitcoin Core:

Install Node.js

The steps to install Node.js 23 are detailed .

Install curl:

Download the setup script:

Run it:

Install node:

Verify the installation:

And also update npm to the latest version:

Install Rust and Cargo

Install dependencies:

Install Rust and Cargo:

Verify what your current version is:

bitcoind --version

Fetch the latest changes:

cd ~/bitcoin

Show the latest version tags:

Switch to the latest stable version:

Clear files and outputs from the previous build process:

Now create the configuration files:

Use one of the following two commands to apply the configuration files:

Compile the source code:

Once the compilation is done, we stop Electrs and bitcoind:

Now we can update the binaries system-wide:

Finally we can restart bitcoind and Electrs:

You can check your new version with:

Jade wallet is designed and manufactured by Blockstream, a company founded by Adam Back.

The Jade is 100% open source:

• Firmware

• Hardware

The Jade supports multiple modes:

• Bluetooth: Wireless connection to the Green Wallet app on your phone.

• USB: Direct connection to your computer using a cable.

• QR: Air-gapped communication by scanning QR codes.

• Micro SD: Air-gapped communication by using microSD cards.

Before you get started with the tutorial, install Green wallet on your phone:

This wallet is fully open source:

Anytime you want to use your wallet to send or receive bitcoins you will have to unlock it.

Press and hold the power button to turn on the Jade. Then select Unlock Jade:

Now on your phone, open Green Wallet and proceed with Bluetooth pairing using the same method as for the wallet creation in the previous step. Once the pairing is complete, you will be prompted to enter your PIN on your Jade.

Once you've entered your PIN, your Jade is unlocked and you can use the mobile app to send and receive BTC.

To send Bitcoin, hit Send at the bottom left of Green wallet:

Next, enter the recipient's bitcoin address or scan the QR code and hit Next:

Select the amount of bitcoin you wish to send and hit Next:

Slide to send the transaction:

An Electrum server is an indexing layer built on top of Bitcoin Core. It enables more efficient blockchain queries and easier wallet connections. Most wallets support Electrum.

We're going to use , a Rust implementation of an Electrum Server.

Download Pi Imager

To flash the OS onto the portable SSD we will use a software utility called Raspberry Pi Imager. You can download it .

In this tutorial we setup our own Bitcoin node from scratch! What is covered:

• Buy, assemble and flash a Raspberry Pi

This is the hardware I use in this tutorial:

• Raspberry Pi 5 or Raspberry Pi 4 with 8GB of RAM

Power Button

Press and hold to turn on / turn off your Jade.

BTC RPC Explorer is essentially a web GUI for the Bitcoin JSON-RPC API. It is highly useful for node monitoring, management, and as a blockchain explorer.

Install BTC RPC Explorer

Get the latest stable release

Clone the repo:

Show the latest version tags:

Switch to the latest stable version:

Install

Update local dependencies within version ranges specified in package.json:

Install:

Then try installing again:

Configure

Create the config file:

Add the following:

• BTCEXP_HOST: Replace with your Pi's local IP to make BTC RPC Explorer accessible on your LAN.

• BTCEXP_BITCOIND_COOKIE: Update the path with your own user.

• BTCEXP_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD: Set a strong password to secure access.

Configure systemd service

Create the service file:

Add the following:

Line 6,8 and 9 make sure to replace your_user by your own user.

Finally, reload systemd:

Startup

Configure BTC-RPC Explorer to automatically start at boot:

Start BTC-RPC Explorer:

You'll see a popup asking you to enter a username and password. The username doesn't matter; just use the password you set up in the .env file.

Issue with Node Details page

The page /node-details of BTC RPC Explorer throws an error. I suck at coding but I was able to fix it with ChatGPT.

Edit the below file:

At line 29, replace this block of code:

By this one:

(Basically I removed getblockchaininfo.warnings.trim().length > 0 in both if statements).

Make sure to restart BTC RPC Explorer and the page should be working:

Tor

I personally wouldn't risk exposing this app to the outside world. It has some bugs, is vulnerable to brute-force attacks, and stores the password in a plain text .env file.

If I ever do, I will ensure that the features enabling manual Bitcoin JSON-RPC API calls are disabled.

To be able to send payments we must open channels on other nodes and lock BTC.

This is called outbound liquidity, where locked funds are on our side of the channel.

Open the Lightning Node application. Scroll down and click on + OPEN CHANNEL.

1. Find a well-connect node

2. Copy the Node ID (format pubkey@ip:port)

   1. Example, Kraken’s Node ID ⇒ 02f1a8c87607f415c8f22c00593002775941dea48869ce23096af27b0cfdcc0b69@52.13.118.208:9735

Fetch the latest changes:

Show the latest version tags:

Switch to the latest stable version:

Stop Electrs:

Source the env file and compile

Start electrs:

Verify the new version:

Configure Bitcoin Core

Base Configuration

Get latest stable version

First clone the repo:

Next we need to make sure to use the latest stable version. To find it, list the latest tags:

The output will look like this:

On your phone, install the following apps:

• : An open source mobile wallet that connects to your Lightning node

• : Used to connect to Tor (for BlueWallet to reach your node)

On the Umbrel App Store, download the application. Open the application and at the top right, notice the LNDHub QR code

Download

Download Page ⇒

Download either umbrelos-pi4.img.zip or umbrelos-pi5.img.zip depending on your pi model.

Once it's downloaded, unzip it and find the .img file.

We must fund our node to enable sending and receiving payments on the Lightning Network.

Open the Lightning Node application. Under the Bitcoin Wallet section, click Deposit. You can now send some bitcoin to the address displayed.

Press and hold the power button to start the Jade.

Select Setup Jade > Continue > Begin Setup:

Next select Create Wallet > Continue:

Write down your seed words on a piece of paper or another non-digital medium.

Next, go through the seed verification process by confirming a few words:

Next we must select the connection mode we will use with the Jade. Choose Bluetooth:

Notice your device name, here Jade 800E88:

Now open Green wallet on your phone, accept the terms & conditions and choose On Hardware Wallet:

Next click on Connect Jade:

Select your Jade wallet:

If prompted, allow bluetooth pairing and take note of the code:

On your Jade, make sure that the code is the same and confirm authentication:

Your Jade and Green wallet should now be paired. Hit Continue:

You should now see a screen prompting you to create a PIN. Hit Continue:

On your Jade you should now be prompted to choose a PIN:

Back on Green wallet, you should see a success screen. Now Hit Create Account:

Choose Standard:

Your Bitcoin wallet is now ready to send and receive BTC!

Introduction

With remote mining you can get into Bitcoin mining without worrying about hardware installation and maintenance.

Benefits of mining Bitcoin

For short term ROI, you're better of buying Bitcoin directly. Long term, I believe it has 2 benefits:

1. Diversification: In terms of energy flow, I like the idea of a small continuous amount of Bitcoin flowing into my wallet. I believe in redundancy and I don't want 100% of my Bitcoin sitting in cold storage.

2. Acquisition: Getting your hands on new Bitcoins could become much harder as countries fomo into it. The available supply of BTC on exchanges is continuously decreasing:

Mining costs

Below are the most important costs to consider before you start mining Bitcoin remotely:

1. Hardware cost (A single miner costs thousand of dollars)

2. Energy cost (expressed in dollar per kilowatt-hour, or in short $/kWh)

3. Management fee (mining farms can charge you an extra fee for hardware maintenance)

Choosing the right miner

When buying a new Bitcoin miner, there are 2 important things you must consider.

Hashrate

The computational power of a Bitcoin miner is measured by its hasharate. The hashrate indicates how many hashes per second the miner can compute.

In 2025, the hashrate is commonly expressed in terahashes per second (TH/s).

For example, the Antminer S21 Pro has a hashrate of 234 TH/s.

Efficiency

The efficiency of a miner is measured by how much energy the miner needs to consume to compute 1 terahash (TH). It's usually expressed in joules per terahash (J/TH) or watt per terahash (W/TH).

Example, the S21 Pro has a hashrate of 234 TH/s and a power of 3510 W

The S21 Pro has an efficiency of 15J/TH which is Tier 1 (excellent).

Conclusion

You need to find the best combination of hashrate and efficiency for your budget.

Mining Fluctuations

This is a more complex topic for which I will make a dedicated section. Roughly speaking, 3 key factors will impact your day to day profitability:

• Fluctuations in the price of Bitcoin

• Fluctuations in your electricity bill

• Flucutations in the mining difficulty

Miners must also consider halvings, which occur approximately every four years and reduce the block reward by half.

How to start mining Bitcoin remotely

To start mining Bitcoin remotely you need to find a farm where you can buy or rent Bitcoin miners. You must also make sure that they offer managed services (miners setup & maintenance).

So far I found one reliable farm but I will update this page when I find more.

Cyberian Mine

is a german company with mining farms located in Siberia (Russia).

Pros

• Cheap cost per kWh (as I write this, $0.0608/kWh)

• Recent hardware

• Quick onboarding (same-day)

Cons

• Miners are more expensive (to cover for the lifetime warranty, automatic failover & 0 mngmt fees)

• They only mine on F2Pool and the minimum payout is 0.005 BTC

• You have a claim to the miner but do not own it physically (it cannot be shipped to you)

How to start mining with Cyberian Mine

1. Create an account

2. Fund your account with crypto or fiat

3. Go to the store

1. Buy a full or partial miner

2. Wait a few hours for your miner to go live

Once your miner is live, you're able to see your performance metrics:

More metrics are also available on your Cyberian Dashboard, such as the hashrate report, Bitcoin earnings and pool payout schedule. You will also find your invoices for the electricity (hosting fee) with a daily breakdown in your profile's settings.

Bonus

• If you keep more than 500 euros in your balance, you get .

• Cyberian has a great for support and updates.

What are Bitaxe miners

The official website explains it perfectly ⇒ https://bitaxe.org/

Bitaxe is a Bitcoin miner based on an open-source design and a modern mining ASIC, offering efficiency and customization for users.

The open-source nature allows users to inspect, modify, and enhance the hardware and software to optimize performance based on specific needs or mining environments. Bitaxe is ideal for miners looking for greater control over their operations while contributing to the decentralization of the Bitcoin network.

Initiatives like this help the fight against . You can make a donation .

Bitaxe models

There are several Bitaxe models:

Some of those models are still under development and receiving revisions. You can find more details on .

Where to buy Bitaxe miners

You can find a list of vendors .

You are also free to purchase all the parts and assemble your miner yourself.

Setting up your Bitaxe miner

Once you've received or assembled your Bitaxe, you can set it up and start mining.

Step 1 - Find your model version

Bitaxe is under active development, with new features and bug fixes frequently released. In addition to your model, you must also note your version/revision number to ensure you flash the correct firmware in the next steps.

In my case, my model is a Bitaxe Supra. My version/revision number is 401. It can be found on the Bitaxe's motheboard:

Step 2 - Download the firmware

Go to and download the latest stable firmware for your model and version. In my case:

This file contains:

• The bitaxe firmware

• The web UI (to interact with and configure your Bitaxe)

• A default configuration

Step 3 - Connect to your PC

Plug your Bitaxe into power, then connect it to your PC using a USB-A to USB-C cable.

To identify your Bitaxe's device file, run the following command in your terminal:

You should see an output similar to this:

In my case, this indicates that the miner's device file is /dev/ttyACM0

Step 4 - Flash the firmware

Install bitaxetool

Create a working directory for the flashing process:

Next we install the flashing software bitaxetool in a python virtual environment:

Create config file

We must also create a config file. You can find templates with default values for each model .

is the template for the Supra 401, also shown below:

Let's look into some of the parameters.

First we got the network config for the Bitaxe to connect automatically to your wifi:

• hostname : It will identify the bitaxe on your local network instead of having to remember its IP

• wifissid : Your Wi-Fi name

• wifipass : Your Wi-Fi password

Then we got the hardware config:

• devicemodel: Model name

• boardversion: Revision number

• asicmodel: The ASIC chip model used by the miner (as detailed )

Then we got the pools config. This is for the main pool (here we're using ):

• stratumurl

• stratumport

• stratumuser

And this is for the fallback pool in case the main fails (here we're using ):

• fbstratumurl

• fbstratumport

• fbstratumuser

Flash the firmware

Save the config file in the same working directory. We're now ready to flash with this command:

Once its done, unplug the miner from your PC and from power.

Step 5 - Access the web UI

Once your miner is up and running, you can manage it via its web UI at http://your-miner-IP.

You can also monitor your miners and hashrate on by entering the BTC address used in the stratumuser.

Update your Bitaxe

When a new firmware version is released, you can flash it .

Alternatively, you can manually update the esp-miner.bin (the firmware) and the ww-bin (the frontend) from the Bitaxe web UI. Just go to Settings and scroll to the very bottom.

Troubleshooting

This link is a good base ⇒

On my 401s I constantly have issues with the display screens not working so I've stopped using them.